1. Keep a diary and record:
   • The date and time of day each headache begins.
   • How long the headache lasts.
   • Any accompanying symptoms, such as nausea; vomiting; sensitivity to light, sound or odor; or an aura.
   • Any potential triggers that may have brought on the attack. Women should note the date on which their menstrual periods begin.

   With this information, your physician can identify any patterns related to your headaches and recommend treatments that can help.

2. Ask your partner, a family member or someone close to you to help you identify any symptoms that precede your headaches by a few hours or even days. Such symptoms can take many forms hunger, thirst, yawning, fatigue, depression, euphoria, irritability, restlessness, drowsiness, light or sound sensitivity, a stiff neck, a cold feeling, increased urination, diarrhea, constipation or fluid retention.

3. Always carry at least one dose of your medication with you, and take most prescribed treatments as directed for an attack.

4. Take drugs only as recommended by your physician. Do not use them more often or in higher doses than your physician advises. Do not stop taking them without consulting your physician; some drugs must be gradually withdrawn to prevent unwanted effects.

5. If you miss a dose, it is generally best to take it as soon as possible unless it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose. Do not double doses.

6. After taking medication for a headache, lie down in a dark, quiet room until the pain subsides.

7. Remember that you and your physician are partners in your care. It's up to you to follow your physician's advice and to make any recommended lifestyle changes that may help control your headaches.

Last Reviewed: February 2007 by Nancy Dickey, M.D.

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